Etihad Madrid-Abu Dhabi-Delhi Route: 2022 vs 2026 Changes

Etihad Airways Madrid–Abu Dhabi–Delhi Route

What Changed Between 2022 and 2026

Flying Etihad Airways from Madrid to Abu Dhabi to Delhi is one of the most convenient ways to connect Spain with North India through the Gulf. But if you've flown this route before and again recently, you may have noticed something different in the sky. Having personally flown this exact Etihad Madrid–Abu Dhabi–Delhi route in both 2022 and 2026, the difference in the flight path is impossible to miss. The change isn't a coincidence — it's a direct result of the ongoing Israel–Iran–US conflict and the airspace restrictions that followed.

In this article, we break down exactly how the Etihad flight route from Madrid to Abu Dhabi and Abu Dhabi to Delhi has evolved, why airlines like Etihad, Emirates, and Qatar Airways had to redraw their flight paths, and what it means for passengers flying this Gulf-hub route today.

2026 Etihad Flight Route Madrid- Abu Dhabi- Delhi

The 2022 Etihad Route

Flying Over Iran and the Gulf

Back in 2022, the Etihad Madrid to Abu Dhabi sector followed a fairly direct great-circle path — crossing the Mediterranean, cutting across Turkey, and heading down through Iranian and Gulf airspace before descending into Abu Dhabi's Zayed International Airport. On the second leg, Abu Dhabi to Delhi, Etihad's A320/A321 or widebody aircraft typically flew a short, efficient corridor straight across the Arabian Sea and Pakistani or Iranian airspace into North India. At that time, Iranian, Iraqi and Gulf airspace were considered routine transit zones for European–Asian traffic, and Gulf carriers including Etihad, Emirates and Qatar Airways relied heavily on this corridor to keep flight times and fuel costs down.

2022 Etihad Flight Route Madrid- Abu Dhabi- Delhi

The 2026 Etihad Route

Rerouted Around a Closed Sky

Fast forward to 2026, and the flight map tells a completely different story. Following the collapse of earlier ceasefire arrangements between the United States and Iran, and repeated confrontations involving Israel, aviation regulators including the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) moved to prohibit civil flights from operating in the airspace of Iran, Iraq and Lebanon at any altitude. Reports from March 2026 confirm that key flight information regions — including Iran, Iraq, Israel, Qatar's neighbouring corridors, Kuwait, Bahrain and Syria — remained closed or heavily restricted for civil aviation, pushing Europe–Asia traffic onto longer northern and southern bypass routes.

For Etihad's Madrid–Abu Dhabi–Delhi service, this means the aircraft I flew in 2026 no longer cuts straight across Iranian skies. Instead, Etihad — like Emirates and Qatar Airways — now follows one of two detours:

• The southern corridor: routing via Egypt, the Red Sea and Saudi Arabia before joining Gulf airspace into Abu Dhabi.
• The northern corridor: tracking further via Turkey, the Caspian Sea, Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan to bypass Iranian and Iraqi skies entirely.

On the return leg from Abu Dhabi to Delhi, aircraft now stay further south over Saudi Arabia and Oman before crossing the Arabian Sea directly into Indian airspace, avoiding the more direct overland corridor that was routine in 2022.

Why the Etihad Flight Path Changed

The Israel–Iran–US Conflict

The core reason behind this shift is regional security. After US strikes on Iranian nuclear facilities and rising Israel–Iran hostilities, Etihad Airways formally suspended operations through Iranian-controlled airspace over the Strait of Hormuz and the Gulf of Oman, following a similar move by the US Federal Aviation Administration and in coordination with the UAE's General Civil Aviation Authority (GCAA). Emirates and Qatar Airways followed with comparable restrictions, and Etihad also suspended its Abu Dhabi–Tel Aviv flights entirely during periods of active conflict.

Airlines were told in no uncertain terms to stay out of the danger zone. EASA's conflict-zone bulletins through 2026 continued to instruct operators not to enter Iranian, Iraqi or Lebanese airspace at any flight level, treating it as an outright prohibition rather than a mere caution. That's why, even during quieter periods when Iranian airspace has technically reopened, many carriers — Etihad included — have chosen to keep flying the longer detours rather than risk a sudden re-closure mid-flight.

What This Means for Passengers Flying Madrid–Abu Dhabi–Delhi

If you're booking an Etihad Madrid to Delhi via Abu Dhabi ticket in 2026, here's what to expect compared with a pre-2022 or 2022-era booking:

• Longer flight times: Detours around Iran, Iraq and Lebanon can add anywhere from 45 minutes to over an hour to long-haul sectors, depending on winds, aircraft type and which corridor (northern or southern) is used.
• Higher fuel burn and operating cost: Airlines are absorbing extra fuel and crew costs, which has contributed to firmer fares on Gulf-hub itineraries.
• More congestion around Abu Dhabi and Dubai: With multiple Gulf carriers funnelling traffic through the same narrow bypass corridors, both Etihad and Emirates have warned of knock-on delays at departure.
• Occasional short-notice schedule changes: Because the situation remains fluid, Etihad has cautioned that further disruptions, reroutes or cancellations can occur with little warning, so it's worth checking your flight status closer to departure.

Etihad's Response

Adapting Without Cutting Capacity

Despite the disruption, Etihad Airways has continued operating its Madrid and Delhi services rather than suspending them outright, unlike some international carriers that paused Gulf routes altogether during peak tension periods. Etihad's leadership has stated that the airline maintains multiple contingency flight plans and coordinates closely with the GCAA to decide which corridor to use in real time, depending on how the conflict is unfolding on any given day. Zayed International Airport in Abu Dhabi has remained fully operational throughout, meaning the disruption passengers experience is about the route in the sky, not the airport on the ground.

Etihad Madrid–Abu Dhabi–Delhi: 2022 vs 2026 at a Glance

Aspect	2022 Route	2026 Route
Airspace used	Direct path over Turkey, Iran and Gulf states	Diverted via Egypt–Saudi Arabia (south) or Turkey–Caspian Sea (north)
Iran/Iraq overflight	Routine and permitted	Prohibited under EASA and GCAA guidance
Flight duration	Standard scheduled time	Up to 45–90 minutes longer on affected sectors
Main driver	Normal commercial routing	Israel–Iran–US conflict and airspace closures
Airport operations	Unaffected	Zayed International (AUH) still fully operational

(Tip: on a phone, swipe the table sideways to see all columns.)

Watch the Journey

For a first-hand look at how the in-flight experience and visible flight path compared, here's the video recorded during the journey:

https://youtu.be/9G-64aGI8Gs

Final Thoughts

Comparing the Etihad Madrid–Abu Dhabi–Delhi flight route across 2022 and 2026 is a striking reminder of how quickly geopolitics can reshape everyday air travel. What was once a routine great-circle path over Iran and the Gulf has turned into a carefully managed detour around a closed sky, all because of the escalating Israel–Iran–US conflict. For now, travellers flying Etihad between Spain and India via Abu Dhabi should budget a little extra time, keep an eye on schedule updates, and appreciate that behind every on-time landing is an airline quietly redrawing its flight plan almost in real time.

Note: Regional airspace restrictions remain fluid and can change rapidly. Always check Etihad Airways' official channels (etihad.com) and your airport's live status before travelling.

Manual of GKS Write

📖 User Guide · Version 1.1.5

GKS Write — Complete Guide

Everything you need to manage references, write manuscripts with AI, and collaborate with co-authors — all inside Firefox.

1. Installation

1

Open Firefox and install GKS Write from Firefox Add-ons (or the provided .xpi file).

2

Click Add to Firefox → confirm the permission prompt.

3

The GKS Write icon appears in your toolbar. Click it to open the sidebar.

Firefox toolbar — GKS Write icon

2. AI Setup — Choose Your Option

Open the sidebar → click ⚙️ Settings in the top right corner. You will see three options:

Settings panel — AI Setup options

Option A — Bring your own free AI key (recommended)

1. Click Option A — the API key fields appear
2. Visit Google AI Studio (aistudio.google.com/app/apikey) or Groq Console (console.groq.com/keys) — both free
3. Click Create API Key on either site and copy the key
4. Choose the matching provider from the dropdown
5. Paste your key and click Save

💡 Both Gemini and Groq offer generous free tiers — enough for regular manuscript writing without any cost.

Option B — No API key

If you don't want to set up a key, just select Option B. GKS Write routes your AI requests through its own backend with a limited free quota — good for trying the tool out.

Option C — Pro license

If you purchased Pro, paste your license key (format PRO-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX) and click Activate. The badge in the top-right of Settings changes to ⭐ PRO immediately.

3. Capturing References — One Click

GKS Write works like Zotero — visit any paper page and capture it instantly.

Capturing a reference from PubMed

1

Visit any paper on PubMed, Europe PMC, ScienceDirect, Springer, Wiley, Nature, BMJ, NEJM, JAMA, The Lancet, and most journal sites

2

Click the GKS Write toolbar icon

3

If detected, all fields are filled automatically — title, authors (abbreviated Vancouver style), journal, year, volume, issue, pages, DOI, PMID

4

Click 💾 Save to Library

📌 If a DOI is found but the title is missing, GKS Write automatically looks it up via Crossref and fills everything in.

4. DOI Lookup

If a page can't be auto-detected (e.g. an unsupported site), GKS Write offers manual DOI lookup.

1

Click the toolbar icon — if nothing is detected, the "Choose how to add this paper" screen appears

2

Click Add by DOI

3

Paste the DOI (e.g. 10.1093/stcltm/szad094)

4

Click Look up — Crossref returns the full reference automatically

5

Review the fields, then click Save

5. Manual Entry & PDF Import

Manual entry

Click Add Manually on the "Choose how to add" screen and fill in: Title, Authors, Journal, Year, Volume(Issue), Pages, DOI.

PDF import

Click Upload PDF, choose a PDF file from your computer. GKS Write extracts the DOI from the PDF metadata and looks it up via Crossref to fill all fields automatically.

6. The Write Tab — Generate a Manuscript

Write tab — 5 steps

1. Select references — tick which saved references AI may cite
2. Document setup — describe your topic, paste target journal name, pick document type (Research Article, Review, Case Report, Thesis Chapter, Grant Proposal etc.) and citation style (Vancouver, APA, Harvard, MLA, Nature, AMA...)
3. Structure — tick the sections you want generated
4. Figures & tables — optionally upload images to reference later
5. AI settings — confirm your AI is configured (see Section 2)

Click 🚀 Generate Manuscript. The AI writes the full draft and switches you to the Editor tab automatically, with citations already inserted from your selected references.

7. The Editor Toolbar

Editor toolbar — all buttons

Button	What it does
↩ Undo / ↪ Redo	Standard undo/redo (Ctrl+Z / Ctrl+Y). Also works for tracked collaborator changes.
📎 Cite	Opens the reference picker — insert one or more citations at the cursor
🔢 Update Order	Renumbers all citations sequentially based on order of appearance in the text
✓ Spell	Runs a spell/grammar check on the manuscript
✏️ Update	Select any text, click this — AI rewrites/expands/edits the selection. A snapshot is saved before the change.
🕓 History	Browse and restore previous versions saved automatically before each AI edit
🖼 Insert Figure	Insert an uploaded figure/table at the cursor
👥 Collab	Create a collaboration pack to send to a co-author (Section 12)
🔀 Merge	Load a returned collaborator pack for review, or add another collaborator's pack
TXT / DOC / PDF	Export the manuscript in these formats (DOC opens in Word/LibreOffice)
📦 Pack	Save your full session (manuscript + references) as a .gkspack file

8. Inserting Citations — Single or Multiple

Insert Reference dialog — selecting multiple references

Inserting one or more citations

1

Place your cursor where the citation should appear

2

Click 📎 Cite

3

Search and click a reference — it highlights and stays selected

4

Search again for another reference — your first selection is remembered

5

Click 📎 Insert — all selected references are inserted together, e.g. [6,7,14]

💡 Citation numbering continues correctly even after closing and reopening a .gkspack — if your last session ended at [10], the next citation starts at [11].

Renumbering citations

If you reorder paragraphs and citation numbers are out of sequence, click 🔢 Update Order to renumber everything based on order of appearance.

9. Viewing Citation Details

Click any citation number in the manuscript (e.g. [6,14,7]) to see full details for every reference in that citation.

Citation tooltip — multiple references

• Each reference shows title, authors, journal, volume/issue/pages, DOI, PMID
• 🔗 Open paper opens the DOI link in a new tab
• ↓ Go to reference list scrolls to the reference list at the bottom of the editor and highlights all matching entries in teal for 2.5 seconds
• Click anywhere outside the tooltip to close it

10. Version History

Every time you click ✏️ Update, GKS Write automatically saves a snapshot of your manuscript before the AI makes changes.

1

Click 🕓 History

2

Browse the list of saved versions, each labelled with the instruction that triggered it

3

Click any version to preview it

4

Click Restore to revert the editor to that version

⚠️ Restoring a version replaces your current editor content. Export your current work first with 📦 Pack if you want to keep both.

11. .gkspack Files — Save & Restore Sessions

A .gkspack file is a complete snapshot of your work: manuscript content, document settings, citation style, and your entire reference library.

Saving

Click 📦 Pack in the editor toolbar. A file named gks-session.gkspack downloads.

Restoring

• Drag the .gkspack file anywhere onto the editor area, or
• Use the 📂 Open Pack button in the Library tab header

Your manuscript, references, and citation numbering are all restored exactly as you left them.

Plan	.gkspack downloads	Devices
Free	30 per month	1 device
Pro ⭐	Unlimited	Unlimited

📌 Without a .gkspack backup, your library and manuscript cannot be transferred to another device. Free users get 30 downloads/month — about one per day.

12. Collaboration — Sending to a Co-Author

Collaboration setup dialog

1

Open your manuscript in the Editor tab

2

Click 👥 Collab

3

Enter the collaborator's name (e.g. "Dr. Smith")

4

Pick a colour for their edits

5

Click 📦 Create Collab Pack — downloads collab-dr-smith.gkspack

6

Email this file to Dr. Smith

13. Collaboration — Editing as a Collaborator

1

Dr. Smith installs GKS Write (free) and opens collab-dr-smith.gkspack (drag into editor or 📂 Open Pack)

2

A welcome modal appears: "You are a collaborator — your edits recorded in Blue"

3

Clicks Start Editing → — status bar shows "✏️ Track Changes ON — Dr. Smith"

4

Edits the manuscript normally

Tracked changes — additions and deletions in collaborator's colour

5

Text added appears with their colour background + underline; text deleted appears with strikethrough (still visible, not removed)

6

Citations inserted while editing also appear in their colour

7

↩ Undo / ↪ Redo work normally even with tracked changes

8

When done, click 📦 Pack — downloads collab-dr-smith-edited.gkspack

9

Email this file back to the author

14. Collaboration — Reviewing Changes

Review bar and accept/reject

1

Open collab-dr-smith-edited.gkspack — the file Dr. Smith sent back

2

A review bar appears: "● Reviewing Dr. Smith's changes — 12 changes to review"

3

Click any coloured text → flashes green → accepted (text stays, colour removed)

4

Right-click any coloured text → flashes red → rejected (addition removed / deletion restored)

5

Or use ✅ Accept All / ❌ Reject All for everything at once

6

Click Done when finished, then 📦 Pack to save the clean manuscript

15. Merging Multiple Collaborators

If you sent the manuscript to two or more co-authors, you can review all of their changes together.

1

Open the first collaborator's edited pack normally — review bar shows their colour

2

Click 🔀 Merge and select the second collaborator's edited pack

3

Their changes appear in their own colour. Review bar updates: "● ● Reviewing 2 collaborators' changes"

4

Click 🔀 Merge again to add a third collaborator if needed

When two collaborators edit the same paragraph

Conflict — both versions shown side by side

• Click anywhere in a version's block → that whole version is accepted (clean text, no colours), the other version disappears
• Right-click a version → that version is discarded. If only one version remains, it is automatically accepted
• You can also click individual coloured words/letters inside a version if you want finer control

⚠️ Only packs returned by a collaborator (containing tracked changes) can be used with 🔀 Merge. A regular gks-session.gkspack cannot be merged — it has no tracked changes.

16. Free vs Pro

Feature	Free	Pro ⭐
Reference library & capture	✅	✅
AI manuscript writing	✅ (own key or limited)	✅ Priority
Citation styles (Vancouver, APA, Harvard, MLA...)	✅	✅
Collaboration & track changes	✅	✅
.gkspack downloads	30/month	Unlimited
Devices	1	Unlimited
API key required	Optional	Not needed

See Pricing for current plans and to activate a license key.

17. Frequently Asked Questions

Why does it say "Could not read this page automatically"?

This appears on pages GKS Write cannot recognise as a journal article (e.g. search results pages, Google Scholar listing pages, non-academic sites). Open the actual paper's page, or use Add by DOI if you know the DOI.

My citation only shows one reference even though I inserted [6,14,7]

Click directly on the citation number — the tooltip shows ALL references in that citation with full details for each, not just the first one. If you're on an older version, update to 1.1.5 or later.

After reopening a .gkspack, new citations start from [1] again

This is fixed in current versions — GKS Write scans the existing citations in the manuscript when a pack is loaded and continues numbering from where you left off (e.g. starts at [11] if [1]-[10] already exist).

🔀 Merge says "This is not a collaboration pack"

You selected the wrong file. Only packs returned by a collaborator after editing (e.g. collab-dr-smith-edited.gkspack) contain tracked changes and can be merged. The original pack you sent, or your own regular gks-session.gkspack, cannot be merged.

I can't select multiple files when clicking 🔀 Merge

You don't need to select multiple files at once. Click 🔀 Merge, pick the first collaborator's pack. Once it's loaded, click 🔀 Merge again and pick the second collaborator's pack. Repeat for each additional collaborator.

Undo/Redo doesn't work while editing a collaboration pack

GKS Write maintains a separate undo/redo history for tracked-changes mode so collaborator edits can always be undone with Ctrl+Z / Ctrl+Y or the ↩ Undo / ↪ Redo buttons, independent of the browser's native undo.

Do I need my own AI API key?

No — Option B in Settings lets you use GKS Write without any key on the free plan with limited access. Option A (your own free Gemini or Groq key) gives unrestricted use at no cost. Option C (Pro) removes the need for a key entirely.

Where are my references and manuscript stored?

Everything is stored locally in your browser. Nothing is uploaded to GKS Write's servers except AI requests when using Option B or C (Pro), which are processed and not retained. See our Privacy Policy.

The "DOC" download opens as HTML — is that correct?

Yes. The file is HTML formatted but saved with a .doc extension, which Word, LibreOffice, and Google Docs all open directly with full formatting (headings, citations, tables) preserved.

Can I use GKS Write on Chrome, Edge, or Firefox Android?

Currently GKS Write is built for Firefox Desktop only. Firefox for Android does not support the sidebar feature this extension relies on. A Chrome/Edge version would require a separate Manifest V3 build.

How do I increase my .gkspack download limit?

Free accounts get 30 downloads per month on one device. Upgrading to Pro (Option C in Settings) removes this limit entirely and allows unlimited devices. See Pricing.

🚀

Ready to start writing smarter?

Install GKS Write for free and start saving references, generating manuscripts with AI, and collaborating with your co-authors — all inside Firefox.

⬇ Click To Download GKS Write Now

Free to install · Firefox Add-ons store

Agarbatti Price in Europe

The Story of Agarbatti

Why Incense Sticks Have Survived for Centuries

The soft fragrance of agarbatti has been part of daily life in many homes for centuries. Whether in temples, houses, meditation rooms, or during festivals, the burning incense stick continues to hold emotional, spiritual, and cultural value. Even in the modern digital age, people still light agarbatti every morning or evening. But where did it begin, and why has it remained popular until today?

What Is Agarbatti?

Agarbatti, commonly known as incense sticks, are thin bamboo sticks coated with aromatic materials such as sandalwood, herbs, flowers, essential oils, and natural resins. When burned, they release fragrant smoke that creates a calming atmosphere.

The word “agarbatti” comes from two words:

• “Agar” meaning agarwood or fragrant wood

• “Batti” meaning wick or stick

When Did Agarbatti Start?

The history of incense goes back thousands of years. Ancient civilizations in India, China, Egypt, and the Middle East used aromatic smoke during religious ceremonies and healing practices.

In India, incense has been mentioned in ancient Hindu texts and Ayurvedic traditions for more than 2,000 years. Temples used natural herbs, wood powders, and oils to purify the surroundings and create a spiritual environment.

The modern form of bamboo-stick agarbatti became more organized during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Cities like Mysore and Bangalore became important centers for incense production because of the availability of sandalwood and skilled artisans.

Why Did Agarbatti Become So Popular?

1. Spiritual and Religious Importance

One of the biggest reasons for the success of agarbatti is its connection with spirituality. In Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and many other traditions, incense symbolizes purity, peace, and devotion.

People believe that fragrance creates a sacred atmosphere and helps in concentration during prayer and meditation.

Even today, many families start their day by lighting incense before gods and goddesses.

2. Emotional Comfort and Relaxation

The fragrance of incense can affect mood and emotions. Certain scents like sandalwood, jasmine, rose, and lavender help people feel relaxed and peaceful.

In earlier times, before air fresheners and perfumes existed, incense naturally improved the smell of homes and temples.

Today, many people use agarbatti during yoga, meditation, spa treatments, and relaxation sessions.

3. Affordable and Accessible

Another reason for its long-lasting popularity is affordability. Agarbatti is inexpensive and available almost everywhere, from small village shops to large supermarkets.

Unlike expensive perfumes or room fragrances, incense provides long-lasting aroma at a very low cost.

4. Cultural Tradition Passed Through Generations

Agarbatti became part of family traditions. Children grew up watching parents and grandparents use incense during festivals, weddings, and daily prayers.

Because of this emotional connection, people continue the practice even in modern apartments and cities.

5. Growth of the Incense Industry

Over time, the incense industry expanded internationally. Indian incense became famous worldwide for its rich natural fragrances.

Today, agarbatti is exported to many countries including the United States, Europe, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia. Different varieties are now made for spiritual use, aromatherapy, stress relief, and home decoration.

Why Are We Still Using Agarbatti Today?

Even after technological progress and modern lifestyles, agarbatti continues to survive because it fulfills both emotional and practical needs.

A Connection to Peace

Modern life is stressful. Many people light incense simply to slow down and create a calm environment at home.

Spiritual Identity

For millions of people, incense remains an important part of faith and cultural identity.

Natural Fragrance

Many users prefer natural incense over chemical air fresheners because traditional agarbatti often uses herbal ingredients and essential oils.

Meditation and Wellness Trends

The global popularity of yoga and meditation has also increased demand for incense products. Wellness centers around the world now use incense to create peaceful spaces.

Modern Changes in Agarbatti

The agarbatti industry has evolved with time. Today, companies produce:

• Charcoal-free incense

• Organic herbal incense

• Floral and fruit fragrances

• Luxury premium incense

• Eco-friendly packaging

Manufacturers now combine traditional methods with modern branding and international marketing.

Conclusion

Agarbatti is more than just a fragrant stick. It carries history, spirituality, memories, and cultural identity. From ancient temples to modern homes, incense has survived because it offers something timeless: peace, comfort, and connection.

That is why, even after thousands of years, people around the world still light agarbatti every day.

Where to Buy Agarbatti 

The ethnic grocery remains the cheapest channel — typically run by South Asian communities in major cities, these shops sell budget and mid-range agarbatti at prices that reflect India's retail market with minimal markup. Amazon and the equivalent marketplaces offer the widest variety, with Prime delivery and transparent user reviews. Wellness boutiques and yoga studios carry curated premium selections at higher prices. For bulk buying, wholesale platforms serve importers in Germany and Belgium who regularly place container-load orders via FOB and CIF shipping from Indian manufacturers.

TOP SPY AGENT MOVIES

Film & Series Guide  ·  Intelligence & Espionage

The Best Secret Agent
Movies & Series

Mossad inside Iran. RAW agents living in Pakistan. CIA operations in Tehran. French intelligence disappearing into Syria. The definitive ranked guide to spy cinema based on real agencies and real operations.

15Titles

8True Stories

5Agencies

6Countries

Filter:

Showing 15 titles

Israeli Intelligence — Mossad 6 titles

Why Mossad films are different

Israel's intelligence service has been behind some of the most daring operations in history — agents living for years in enemy capitals, assassinations across Europe, nuclear spies embedded inside Arab governments. Many of these films are produced in Israel, in Hebrew and Arabic, which gives them an authenticity Hollywood cannot replicate.

Tehran

2020  ·  Series  ·  Apple TV+

7.9IMDb

Mossad Israel vs Iran Cyber Thriller True Basis

A Mossad hacker is smuggled into Tehran to disable Iran's nuclear power grid. She is spotted within hours and must vanish into the city — living as an ordinary Iranian while completing a mission she can tell no one about. Filmed authentically in Hebrew and Persian. Glenn Close joins in Season 2 as a Mossad handler. Unmissable.

Apple TV+ • 2 Seasons

Fauda

2015  ·  Series  ·  Netflix

8.1IMDb

Mossad / Shin Bet Israel • Palestine Agent in Population Based on Real Ops

Israeli undercover agents — the elite Mista'arvim — live inside Palestinian populations speaking fluent Arabic, dressed as locals. Co-created by a real former undercover operative. The New York Times named it the best international show of 2017. Raw, brutal, and unlike anything else on television. 4 seasons and still the benchmark.

Netflix • 4 Seasons

The Spy

2019  ·  Miniseries  ·  Netflix

7.7IMDb

Mossad Israel • Syria True Story

Sacha Baron Cohen as Eli Cohen — the greatest Mossad spy of the 20th century. A Syrian-born Jew who infiltrated Damascus society, dined with generals, befriended future cabinet ministers, and sent intelligence that decided the 1967 Six-Day War. Caught and publicly hanged in Syria, 1965. Six episodes of extraordinary tension based on a true story that still sounds impossible.

Netflix • 6 Episodes

Munich (2005)

2005  ·  Film  ·  Spielberg

7.6IMDb

Mossad Israel • Europe True Story

After Black September murders 11 Israeli athletes at the 1972 Munich Olympics, Mossad sends a secret team across Europe to kill every person who planned the attack. Spielberg's most morally complex film — not about revenge as triumph, but about what revenge costs a person's soul. Eric Bana, Daniel Craig. One of the finest political thrillers ever made.

Prime Video • Streaming

The Operative (2019)

2019  ·  Film

6.3IMDb

Mossad Israel • Iran Psychological

A Western woman recruited by Mossad goes undercover deep inside Tehran, building a false life, falling dangerously close to her Iranian target. Caught between her handler (Martin Freeman) and the man she is meant to destroy. A slow-burning psychological study of what identity erasure actually feels like — from the inside.

On Demand

The Angel (2018)

2018  ·  Film  ·  Netflix

7.1IMDb

Mossad Egypt • Israel True Story

Ashraf Marwan — son-in-law of President Nasser — secretly contacted Mossad and became its most valuable asset, warning Israel hours before the 1973 Yom Kippur War. Was he Israel's greatest spy, or Egypt's greatest double agent? In 2007, he fell from the fifth floor of his London apartment. Nobody knows why. One of history's most haunting espionage mysteries.

Netflix

Indian RAW — Operations in Pakistan 4 titles

What is RAW and why does it matter for cinema?

India's Research and Analysis Wing (RAW) has run some of Asia's most audacious covert operations — agents who married into Pakistani military families, bankers recruited as spies, operatives who lived for years under false identities inside Pakistan during the 1971 war. Several of these films are based on declassified or semi-classified real events.

Special Ops

2020  ·  Series  ·  Disney+ Hotstar

8.4IMDb

RAW India • Pakistan Counter-Terror Inspired by Real Events

A RAW officer traces every major terrorist attack on India over 19 years to a single mastermind operating from inside Pakistan. Operations span Islamabad, Kabul, Istanbul, and beyond. Kay Kay Menon delivers one of Indian television's finest performances. The showrunner spent months with real former intelligence officers before writing a single scene.

Disney+ Hotstar • 2 Seasons

Raazi (2018)

2018  ·  Film  ·  Alia Bhatt

7.8IMDb

RAW India • Pakistan Agent in Population True Story — 1971 War

A Kashmiri woman marries a Pakistani army officer — as a RAW spy. She lives inside a Pakistani military family during the 1971 war, transmitting intelligence home while falling in love with the man she is systematically betraying. Based on a real 1971 operation. Considered one of the finest spy films ever made in any Asian language. Alia Bhatt is devastating.

Netflix • Streaming

Romeo Akbar Walter

2019  ·  Film  ·  John Abraham

6.5IMDb

RAW India • Pakistan Triple Identity Inspired by Real Ops

A RAW-recruited bank employee enters Pakistan before the 1971 war under three separate identities — Romeo, Akbar, Walter. His mission: expose Pakistan's covert nuclear programme from the inside. Each time a cover is blown, he must become another man entirely. Inspired by a real classified RAW operation. A classic deep-cover identity thriller.

Prime Video

Vishwaroopam (2013)

2013  ·  Film  ·  Kamal Haasan

7.5IMDb

RAW India • Afghanistan • USA Population Infiltration

A RAW agent lives undercover in New York as a Kathak dance teacher — so deep in cover that his own wife thinks he is gay. When a nuclear terror plot surfaces connected to Pakistan and Afghanistan, his disguise explodes spectacularly. Written, directed, and starred in by Kamal Haasan. A landmark of South Asian spy cinema. Agents hidden in plain sight.

Netflix • Streaming

CIA — Iran & Middle East Operations 3 titles

Argo (2012)

2012  ·  Film  ·  Oscar Best Picture

7.7IMDb

CIA USA • Iran True Story

During the 1979 Iranian hostage crisis, CIA operative Tony Mendez enters Tehran posing as a Hollywood producer scouting locations for a fake sci-fi film called Argo — to extract six American diplomats hiding in the Canadian embassy. This operation actually happened, and was classified for 18 years. Academy Award Best Picture. Directed by Ben Affleck.

Max • Streaming

Zero Dark Thirty (2012)

2012  ·  Film  ·  Kathryn Bigelow

7.4IMDb

CIA USA • Pakistan • Afghanistan True Story

The decade-long CIA hunt for Osama bin Laden, ending with the Navy SEAL raid on his compound in Abbottabad, Pakistan. Driven entirely by a single female CIA analyst who refused to stop for ten years. Unsparing about interrogation, surveillance, and the mechanics of real intelligence work. One of the most accurate spy films ever made, according to former CIA officers.

Prime Video • Streaming

Homeland

2011  ·  Series  ·  Showtime

8.1IMDb

CIA USA • Iran • Pakistan Counter-Intelligence

CIA officer Carrie Mathison suspects a returned American POW has been turned by al-Qaeda. Over 8 seasons, operations span Iran, Islamabad, Berlin, and Kabul. Based on the Israeli series Prisoners of War. Praised by former CIA directors for realistic tradecraft. Claire Danes won multiple Emmys for a performance of rare intelligence and fragility.

Paramount+ • 8 Seasons

MI6 & European Intelligence 2 titles

Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy

2011  ·  Film  ·  Gary Oldman

7.1IMDb

MI6 UK • USSR Mole Hunt Based on True Events

A retired MI6 chief is recalled to find a Soviet mole at the very top of British intelligence. Cold, slow, suffocating — the exact opposite of Bond. Based on John le Carré's masterwork, drawn from his own years inside the British secret service. Gary Oldman gives one of cinema's great performances almost entirely in silence and stillness. Espionage as bureaucratic tragedy.

Streaming Various

The Bureau (Le Bureau des Légendes)

2015  ·  Series  ·  French DGSE

8.5IMDb

DGSE — France France • Syria • Iran Ghost Agents

French intelligence's most elite unit — "ghost agents" who live for years under false identities inside hostile countries, fully embedded in local populations. When one agent returns from Syria having fallen in love with a local, his cover and his agency begin to unravel. Widely considered the most realistic spy series ever made by intelligence professionals from multiple countries. Five seasons. Nothing else compares.

Prime Video • 5 Seasons

IMDb ratings approximate as of 2025–2026 and may vary. Streaming availability differs by region — check your local platform. — LatestFoto.com